Mawu Oyamba
M'makampani opangidwa ndi matabwa, zomatira nthawi zambiri sizimawonedwa - komabe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu, kuteteza chilengedwe, komanso kulimba-kwanthawi yayitali. Kaya ndi plywood, MDF, particleboard, kapena mapanelo okongoletsera,zomatira zimatsimikizira mphamvu, kukana chinyezi, ndi mpweya wa formaldehyde.
Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana njira zomatira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapulaneti amatabwa, ubwino ndi malire awo, komanso momwe zimakhudzira ntchito yonse ya mankhwala ndi kukhazikika.
1. Chifukwa Chiyani Zomatira Zimakhala Zofunika M'magulu Amatabwa
Zomatira ndi "msana wosawoneka" wa zinthu zopangidwa ndi matabwa. Amamanga matabwa - ma veneers, ulusi, tinthu ting'onoting'ono - kuti tigwirizane, -zonyamula katundu. Ubwino ndi mtundu wa zomatira:
Internal kugwirizana mphamvu
Kukana chinyezi
Kutulutsa kwa formaldehyde
Kutentha ndi kutentha kwanyengo
Moyo wonse wautumiki
Wood payokha satulutsa formaldehyde, makina omatira amatero. Kusiyanitsa kumeneku ndikofunikira powunika chitetezo chazinthu ndikutsatira.
2. Mitundu Yophatikiza Yophatikiza ndi Makhalidwe Awo
2.1 Urea Formaldehyde (UF)
Mapulogalamu:particleboard, MDF, mkati plywood
Zabwino:
✔ Mtengo-wogwira ntchito
✔ Kuchiritsa mwachangu
✔ Kulumikizana kolimba koyamba
Zoyipa:
✘ Kutulutsa kwakukulu kwa formaldehyde
✘ Kusagwira bwino kwa chinyezi
✘ Kugwiritsa ntchito panja pang'ono
UF resins amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabodi amkati koma amafunikira kuwongolera mosamalitsa kuti achepetse kutulutsa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino wamkati umakhala wotetezeka.
2.2 Melamine-Urea Formaldehyde (MUF)
Mapulogalamu:matabwa a melamine-, semi-plywood yakunja
Zabwino:
✔ Kusunga madzi bwino kuposa UF
✔ Kuchepetsa mpweya wa formaldehyde
✔ Kuchita bwino kwa mgwirizano wonse
Zoyipa:
✘ Mtengo wokwera pang'ono kuposa UF
MUF ikadali chisankho chodziwika bwino pazinthu zomwe zimayenera kusanjamtengo, magwiridwe antchito, komanso kukana chinyezi.
2.3 Phenol Formaldehyde (PF)
Mapulogalamu:matabwa akunja, mapanelo a formwork, mapanelo a m'madzi-
Zabwino:
✔ Kulimbana kwabwino kwa madzi ndi nyengo
✔ Kukhazikika kwakukulu pansi pa kutentha ndi chinyezi
✔ Kutsika kwa formaldehyde
Zoyipa:
✘ Mtundu wakuda
✘ Kukwera mtengo
Utoto wa PF ndiye njira-yosankhira pa mapanelo omwe ali ndi chinyezi, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, kapena kunja.
2.4 Zomatira za Isocyanate (MDI / pMDI)
Mapulogalamu:premium OSB, ma board apansi-emission board,{1}}MDF yamphamvu kwambiri
Zabwino:
✔ Formaldehyde-yaulere
✔ Kukaniza chinyezi kwabwino kwambiri
✔ Kulimba kwa mgwirizano
Zoyipa:
✘ Mtengo wokwera wopangira
✘ Imafunikira mikhalidwe yeniyeni yopangira
Zomatira za MDI ndi zabwino kwambiri-zomata zogwirira ntchito kwambiri ndi zinthu zomwe zimayang'ana kwambiri-kutulutsa mpweya wochepa (E0-level product).
3. Zomatira ndi Kutsata Zachilengedwe
Miyezo ya chilengedwe ikukulirakulira kutengera mawonekedwe azinthu. Ma benchmarks odziwika padziko lonse lapansi ndi awa:
E0 / E1(malire a formaldehyde)
CARB (California Air Resources Board)miyezo
EPA TSCA Mutu VI
FSC ndi ziphaso zina zokhazikika
Kukwaniritsa mfundozi kumafuna zambiri kuposa kungolemba zilembo - pakufunikakusankha zomatira mwamphamvu, kuwongolera njira, ndi kasamalidwe kabwino.
4. Momwe Ogula Angayesere Ubwino Womatira
Ogula mwaukadaulo sayenera kudalira mayina azinthu kapena zilembo zapamwamba. Kuwunika khalidwe la zomatira kungaphatikizepo:
✔ Kuwunikanso malipoti oyeserera a formaldehyde emission
✔ Kutsimikizira mphamvu yolumikizana pansi pamadzi kapena kutentha
✔ Kuwona ngati satifiketi ikutsatiridwa
✔ Kumvetsetsa zomatira chemistry ndi machiritso
M'mapulojekiti omwe kukhazikika kwa mpweya wamkati ndi kulimba kwake kumakhala kofunikira, ntchito zomatira nthawi zambiri ndizofunikira kwambiri paukadaulo.
Mapeto
Zomatira zimatanthawuza malire a magwiridwe antchito a mapanelo opangidwa ndi matabwa. Kaya mukusankha zipangizo za mipando, makabati, zomangira, kapena zomangira mkati, kumvetsetsa mitundu ya zomatira ndi momwe zimakhudzira kusasunthika kwa chinyezi, kugwira ntchito kwa chilengedwe, ndi kulimba-kwanthawi yayitali ndikofunikira. Pamene ziyembekezo zikuchulukirachulukira padziko lonse lapansi, umisiri wotsogola wa zomatira - kuphatikiza formaldehyde-zosankha zaulere - zipitiliza kukonzanso matabwa opangidwa.
